Article 20 of the Basic Law: The Foundation of German Democracy
A Key Provision for a Democratic and Social State
Article 20 of the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany lays the cornerstone for the German legal and political system. It establishes the principles of democracy, social welfare, and the federal structure of the state. These fundamental tenets define the character of Germany as a nation and guarantee the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
The Principles of Democracy
Article 20(1) states that Germany is a democratic state. This means that the government is chosen by the people through free and fair elections. The people have the right to participate in decision-making through their elected representatives.
The Social State
Germany is also a social state according to Article 20(1). This means that the state has a responsibility to protect and promote the welfare of all its citizens. This includes providing social security, healthcare, and other essential services.
The Federal Structure
Germany is organized as a federation of 16 states. Article 20(1) establishes the federal structure of the state, which balances the powers between the central government and the states. This ensures that all regions of Germany have a say in the governance of the country.
The Right to Resist
Finally, Article 20(4) grants citizens the right to resist any attempt to overthrow the democratic order. This right ensures that the people have the ultimate power to protect their freedoms and the foundations of their democratic state.
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